Toyota Motor Corporation’s generic strategy supports the company’s global growth. Founded in 1937, the firm is now a global force in the automobile industry. This success is based on the effective implementation of Toyota’s generic strategy and intensive growth strategies. This generic strategy represents the overall competitive approach that the automotive business uses to compete in the global market. On the other hand, the intensive growth strategies define the types of actions that Toyota uses to ensure continued growth. Continuing innovation and success are an indication of the fulfillment of these strategies and Toyota’s mission statement and vision statement. The automotive company is effective in the simultaneous implementation of its generic strategy and intensive growth strategies.
Toyota’s generic strategy determines the company’s overall approach in the global automotive industry. The intensive growth strategies are applied to ensure the company’s continued growth in markets worldwide, relating to Toyota’s marketing mix (4P) and associated marketing strategies and tactics.
Toyota’s Generic Strategy (Porter’s Model)
Toyota Motor Corporation’s generic strategy is a combination of the cost leadership generic strategy and the broad differentiation generic strategy. Cost leadership entails minimizing the cost of operations and maintaining competitive selling prices, which add to the business strengths shown in the SWOT analysis of Toyota. On the other hand, the broad differentiation generic strategy requires developing business and product uniqueness to ensure the company’s competitive advantage over other automakers, such as General Motors, Tesla, Ford, and BMW. The combination of these generic strategies supports Toyota’s global reach in all market segments.
A strategic goal corresponding to Toyota’s generic strategy is to minimize production costs to attain cost leadership. The company does so through the just-in-time (JIT) manufacturing method, which is also known as the Toyota Production System (TPS). This method addresses the generic strategy by minimizing waste, inventory cost, and response time in Toyota’s operations management. As a result, the firm achieves maximum business efficiency and competitive advantages. On the other hand, Toyota has the strategic goal of innovation to address the broad differentiation component of its generic strategy. Innovation leads to unique, attractive, and competitive cars for all market segments. Thus, the automotive company fulfills its generic strategy for competitive advantage.
Toyota’s Intensive Strategies (Intensive Growth Strategies)
Market Penetration. Toyota’s main intensive growth strategy is market penetration. This intensive strategy supports business growth by reaching and attracting more customers in the firm’s current markets. To fulfill this intensive growth strategy, Toyota ensures that it offers products for every market segment. For example, the company has sedans, trucks, SUVs, luxury vehicles, and other product lines for every type of customer. This intensive growth strategy supports the cost leadership component of Toyota’s generic strategy by enabling the company to maximize sales volume, which ensures profits despite relatively low selling prices.
Product Development. Toyota uses product development as its secondary intensive growth strategy. This intensive strategy supports the automaker’s growth by attracting customers to new products. The company uses this intensive growth strategy in the form of rapid innovation. For this purpose, Toyota’s organizational culture or corporate culture supports innovation processes. For example, through the Toyota Prius, this intensive growth strategy empowers the firm to attract customers concerned about the environment. This intensive growth strategy supports Toyota’s broad differentiation generic strategy by using innovative products that are attractive on the basis of uniqueness or advanced features.
Market Development. Toyota already has a global presence. As such, market development is just a supporting intensive growth strategy for the business. In this intensive strategy, Toyota grows by entering new markets or selling to new market segments. However, the company already has presence in most markets around the world. Also, the firm already sells its products to every market segment. This intensive growth strategy supports Toyota’s cost leadership generic strategy by maximizing the company’s global market presence.
References
- Ali, B. J., & Anwar, G. (2021). Porter’s Generic Competitive Strategies and its influence on the Competitive Advantage. International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science, 7(6), 42-51.
- Liang, X., Luo, Y., Shao, X., & Shi, X. (2022). Managing complementors in innovation ecosystems: A typology for generic strategies. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 122(9), 2072-2090.
- Toyota Motor Corporation – Form 20-F.
- Toyota Motor Corporation – Operations – Design, Engineering & Marketing.
- Toyota Production System.
- U.S. Department of Commerce – International Trade Administration – Automotive Industry.